What+is+diabetes

· Glucose is needed in the body to provide energy for the cells · Glucose is delivered through the system by blood (glucose is bound to the blood plasma, oxygen is bound to the hemoglobin) · Cells convert glucose to the insoluble glycogen, typically stored in the liver and muscles · Glycogen C₆H₁₀O₅ is a molecule that stores energy in cells · Equilibrium is achieved when the production of glucose is equal to the consumption of glucose by the cells of the body · Insulin produced by beta cells of the pancreas, are used to allow cells to absorb glucose and turn it into glycogen · They attach themselves to receptors on cell walls which allows the entry of glucose into the cell · Insulin helps to prevent [|hyperglycemia] (high blood sugar) · When insulin is deficient (type 1) or cells become resistant to it (type 2) [|diabetes] occurs. There is too much sugar in the blood stream because the cells aren’t absorbing any. This leads to lack of energy and eventual heart attack · Glucagon, secreted by the alpha cells of the pancreas, encourages cells to break down stored [|glycogen] because there is an insufficient amount of glucose in the blood, known as hypoglycemia. They cause the liver to release stored glycogen and break it down to glucose and release it to the blood · When the concentration of glucose in the blood is too high, more insulin is produced so the glucose can be let out faster so the concentration is balanced · When the concentration of glucose in the blood Is too low, more glucagon is produced so the liver will produce more glucose so there is equilibrium once again
 * __How the Body Regulates Blood Sugar Levels and What is Diabetes__ Hanbo **



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